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Anexe : Table of Pinyin Pronunciation

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Rules of pronunciation with english words comparison and 2 audio samples for each sounds.

Letter	English words	Example 1	Example 2	Notes
b	bay	bā	bǐ	(sometimes overlaps with p)
p	pay	péi	pǐ	(pei and bei are often said for the same character)
m	may	mò	mén
f	fair	fā	fèn
d	day	duō	dāng
t	take	tā	tiān	(tian and dian can be confused when listening)
n	nay	nǐ	nà
l	lay	lán	lǎo
g	gay	gāi	gōng
k	kay	kē	kaò
h	hay	hái	Huáng Hé	(often said with a rasp at the back of the throat)
j	jeep	jiē	jú	(palatial)
q	cheer	qián	qiē
x	she	xiān	xièxie	(palatial)
zh	junk	zhaō	zhěng	(retro - devoiced)
ch	church	chángcháng	chéng	(retro)
sh	shirt	shì	shū	(retro)
r	leisure	rén	ròu	(retro) (can include a bit of the s on leisure)
z	reads	zaì	zǎn	(devoiced)
c	hats	cǎo	cí
s	say	sān	sòng
y	yea	yǎn	yéye
w	way	wèn	wǔ
Vowels
a	father	tā	mǎ
o	saw	mò	pō	(halfway between o and a)
e	British her	zhè	chē	(in the back of the throat)
i	(no illustration)	zhi1	cì	(after z, c, s, zh, ch, sh, r)
i	see	tǐ	qi1	(after other consonants)
u	rude	lù	jú
ü	French tu, German Fühlen	lǜ	nǚ	(ee with rounded lips)

er	are	èr	ér
ai	eye	hái	baǐ
ei	eight	méi	geǐ
ao	now	hǎo	zaō
ou	oh	doū	zhoū
an	can	sǎn	wǎn
en	British turn	wén	fen3

ang	German Gang	wàng	tāng
eng	sung	zhèng	céng
ong	German Lunge	zhōng	sòng
ia	Asia	jiā	xià
ie	yes	jiē	qiē
iao	yeowl	qiǎo	jiaō
iu	yoke /yukon	jiù / jiǔ	liú / xiū	(varies with consonant)
ian	yen	tiān	diǎn
in	in	qīn	jin4	(the j creates slightly more ee sound)

iang	e+yang	liáng	xiǎng	(approximately - with the 'a' in papa)
ing	sing	tīng	bìng
iong	German Jünger	xióng	qióng rén
ua	guano	huà	zhuā
uo	wall	guó	cuò
uai	wife	kuaì	guaǐ
uan	one	yuán	zhuǎn
un	went	cùn	kǔn
uang	oo+ahng	zhuàng	guǎng
üe	ü+eh
üan	ü+an
ün	German grün
kongr	corn	yoǔ kòngr	kòngr	(soften n)
wanr	w + far	wánr	wánr	(n is silent)
dianr	d + yar	diǎnr	yoǔ yí diǎnr	(n is silent)